• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
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    • 专利摘要:
    A sealed and thermally insulating fluid storage vessel, wherein a vessel wall comprises at least one thermal insulation barrier and a sealing membrane having a series of corrugations (9), the thermal insulation barrier comprising a series of parallel grooves (7) in which the undulations (9) are accommodated, the thermal insulation barrier further comprising a housing (19) intersecting said groove (7), the vessel further comprising a shutter (18) arranged in the housing (19) and having a recess (21) configured to receive the corrugation (9), the shutter (18) being arranged in the housing (19) so that the recess (21) is housed in the groove (7) and that the corrugation (9) is accommodated in the recess (21) and that the shutter (18) closes off a portion of the groove (7) located on the protruding side of the sealing membrane by creating a pressure drop for a flow flowing in the groove (7).
    公开号:FR3074253A1
    申请号:FR1771267
    申请日:2017-11-27
    公开日:2019-05-31
    发明作者:Bruno Deletre；Alain Tessier；Patrick Martin
    申请人:Gaztransport et Technigaz SARL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Technical area
    The invention relates to the field of tanks, sealed and thermally insulating, with membranes, for the storage and / or transport of fluid, such as a cryogenic fluid.
    Sealed and thermally insulating tanks with membranes are used in particular for the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is stored, at atmospheric pressure, at around -162 ° C. These tanks can be installed on the ground or on a floating structure. In the case of a floating structure, the tank may be intended for the transport of liquefied natural gas or to receive liquefied natural gas serving as fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure.
    Technological background
    In the state of the art, leaktight and thermally insulating tanks for the storage of liquefied natural gas are known, integrated into a carrying structure, such as the double hull of a ship intended for the transport of liquefied natural gas. Generally, such tanks have a multilayer structure having successively, in the thickness direction, from the outside towards the inside of the tank, a secondary thermal insulation barrier retained at the carrying structure, a waterproofing membrane. secondary resting against the secondary thermal insulation barrier, a primary thermal insulation barrier resting against the secondary sealing membrane and a primary sealing membrane resting against the primary thermal insulation barrier and intended to be in contact with the liquefied natural gas contained in the tank.
    Document WO2016 / 046487 describes a secondary thermal insulation barrier and a primary thermal insulation barrier formed from juxtaposed insulating panels. In this document WO2016 / 046487, the secondary waterproofing membrane is made up of a plurality of metal sheets having corrugations projecting towards the outside of the tank and thus allowing the secondary waterproofing membrane to deform under the effect of thermal and mechanical stresses generated by the fluid stored in the tank. An internal face of the insulating panels of the secondary thermal insulation barrier has grooves receiving the corrugations of the corrugated metal sheets of the secondary waterproof membrane. These undulations and these grooves form a mesh of channels developing along the walls of the tank.
    summary
    An idea underlying the invention is to propose a sealed and thermally insulating tank with a sealing membrane comprising corrugations in which the convection phenomena are reduced. In particular, an idea underlying the invention is to provide a sealed and thermally insulating tank limiting the presence of continuous circulation channels in the thermal insulation barriers in order to limit the phenomena of natural convection in said insulation barriers thermal. In addition, an idea underlying the invention is to provide such a tank capable of allowing manufacturing and / or mounting tolerances of the various constituent elements of said tank.
    According to one embodiment, the invention provides a sealed and thermally insulating fluid storage tank, in which a tank wall comprises at least one thermal insulation barrier and a sealing membrane, the sealing membrane comprising a series of parallel corrugations having a longitudinal direction, and flat portions located between said corrugations, said corrugations projecting flat portions on a projecting side of the waterproofing membrane, a said thermal insulation barrier being situated on the projecting side of the waterproofing membrane, said thermal insulation barrier comprising a series of parallel grooves in which the corrugations are housed, and in which said groove has a width, taken in a direction of width perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the corrugations, greater width, taken in said direction of feeder, of the corrugation housed in said groove, the thermal insulation barrier further comprising a housing cutting said groove and having a width greater than the width of the groove, the tank further comprising a shutter arranged in the housing, l shutter having a width greater than the width of the groove, and preferably less than a width of the housing, the shutter having a clearance configured to accommodate the corrugation, the shutter being arranged in the housing so that the clearance is housed in the groove and the corrugation is housed in the clearance and so that the shutter closes a portion of the groove located on the projecting side of the sealing membrane by creating a pressure drop for a flow circulating in the groove.
    Thanks to these characteristics, such a tank offers the possibility of flexibly closing grooves accommodating the corrugations of the membrane despite a tolerance affecting the position of the corrugations in the grooves. Such a tolerance may in particular arise from the manufacture and mounting of the corrugations in the grooves. In addition, thanks to these characteristics, the groove portion between the convex side of the corrugation and the bottom of the groove, formed by the thermal insulation barrier, can be closed by the shutter for different positions of the ripple in the groove. In particular, the obturation of said groove portion can be obtained despite the uncertainty of positioning of the corrugation in the groove linked to manufacturing and / or mounting tolerances. Preferably, the width of the shutter makes it possible to close the groove whatever the position of the corrugation in the groove. Preferably, the width of the shutter makes it possible to position said portion of the shutter in the groove portion without requiring modification of the shutter, in particular without modification of its resistance to the flow of gas.
    Thus, the shutter makes it possible to limit the formation of flows in the channels of the thermal insulation barrier, in particular the formation of thermosiphons between these channels and any flow channel located closer to the shell, for example a masticated space. between the thermal insulation barrier and the supporting structure. In particular, it is possible to limit the formation of these flows, for example in grooves having a vertical component in which such flows can be favored by gravity.
    According to embodiments, such a tank may include one or more of the following characteristics.
    According to one embodiment, the housing develops in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the corrugation.
    According to one embodiment, the release of the shutter has a shape complementary to the shape of the corrugation. In other words, the clearance has a concave shape and the corrugation has a convex shape with substantially identical radii of curvature.
    According to one embodiment, the membrane is a corrugated metal membrane.
    According to one embodiment, the thickness of the shutter taken in the longitudinal direction of the corrugation is equal to the thickness of the housing in said longitudinal direction of the corrugation.
    According to one embodiment, a clearance between the housing and the shutter is able to allow the movement of the shutter in the housing in the width direction while preventing a flow of peripheral flow between the housing and the shutter. According to one embodiment, this play is more or less 0.1mm.
    According to one embodiment, the depth of the shutter taken in a direction of thickness of the tank wall is greater than or equal to the depth of the housing taken in said direction of thickness of the tank wall.
    According to one embodiment, the longitudinal direction of the ripple has a vertical component in the terrestrial frame of reference, that is to say in a direction of gravity.
    The shutter can be made of many materials. According to one embodiment, the shutter comprises an assembly of materials. According to one embodiment, the shutter comprises a material having a low coefficient of friction on its faces opposite the housing. Such a material with a low coefficient of friction is, for example, Polyethylene, Polypropylene, Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or also a synthetic plastic foam. According to one embodiment, the shutter is made of a foam of density correctly chosen to allow its deformation, for example in expanded polystyrene of density 10 to 30kg / m A 3.
    According to one embodiment, the thermal insulation barrier comprises a plurality of juxtaposed insulating elements retained against a load-bearing wall.
    According to one embodiment, a plurality of insulating elements each have a respective groove portion, said insulating elements being aligned so that the groove portions of said aligned insulating elements jointly form the groove in which the corrugation is housed.
    According to one embodiment, at least one insulating element comprises a plurality of groove portions housing distinct corrugations of the corrugation series. According to one embodiment, a plurality of shutters is arranged on said at least one insulating element so as to obstruct portions of respective grooves.
    According to one embodiment, the housing is formed in an insulating element.
    Thanks to these characteristics, the shutter can be arranged in the insulating element in prefabrication, prior to its installation in the tank. Thus, such a tank is simple and quick to manufacture.
    The housing can be made in the insulating element in many ways. According to one embodiment, the housing is produced by machining in the insulating element. According to one embodiment, the housing is produced by end milling using a two-size cutter. According to one embodiment, the housing is produced by rolling milling with a saw cutter of diameter adapted to three sizes.
    According to one embodiment, the housing is formed in a gap between two adjacent insulating elements.
    Thanks to these characteristics, the shutter does not require modifications of the insulating elements to be housed in the tank. Thus, the insulating elements and therefore the tank are simple to manufacture.
    According to one embodiment, the shutter is fixed to one side of an insulating element.
    According to one embodiment, an insulating padding is arranged in the gap between the two adjacent insulating elements, said insulating padding forming a bottom of the housing.
    Such a tank has good insulation characteristics. In addition, the housing for the shutter is thus simple to produce.
    According to one embodiment, the depth of the shutter taken in a thickness direction of the tank wall is greater, preferably slightly greater, for example of the order of 1 to 3 mm, than the depth of the housing taken in said direction of thickness of the tank wall before installation of the waterproofing membrane. In other words, the shutter has a depth such that its upper surface exceeds by 1 to 3 mm from the upper surface of the insulating element when it is arranged in the housing, on the surface of the insulating padding, before fitting of the waterproofing membrane.
    According to one embodiment, the insulating padding is compressible. According to one embodiment, the insulating padding is compressed by the shutter when the corrugation is supported in the clearance of the shutter.
    According to one embodiment, the shutter comprises a lower portion in contact with a bottom of the housing made of a rigid material, preferably with a low coefficient of friction to allow the sliding of the shutter in the housing.
    According to one embodiment, the shutter comprises a locally deformable portion, the corrugation being supported on the locally deformable portion.
    According to one embodiment, the lower portion of the shutter in contact with the bottom of the housing consists of a material chosen from the group of material consisting of Polypropylene, Polymethylmethacrylate, Polyvinyl chloride, Polyethylene, synthetic foam plastic or combinations thereof.
    According to one embodiment, the locally deformable portion consists of a material chosen from the group of materials consisting of fibrous materials, glass wool, melamine foam, flexible polyurethane foam or their combinations.
    Thanks to these characteristics, the pressure drop in the channel formed by the groove can be controlled. In particular, such a locally deformable portion does not sealingly seal the groove and allows the passage of gas in the channel while causing a significant pressure drop preventing the flow and convection phenomena. In addition, such a locally deformable portion allows the shutter to best match the profile of the corrugation. Finally, such a locally deformable shutter makes it possible to accommodate, by local deformation, the manufacturing tolerances of the various elements with which it cooperates.
    According to one embodiment, the shutter comprises a strip of compressible material on its upper face, that is to say on the face opposite the sealing membrane. According to one embodiment, this strip is an attached strip. According to one embodiment, such a strip has a thickness of 1 to 2mm. According to one embodiment, such a strip is for example made of fibrous material, melamine foam or the like. According to one embodiment, this strip has dimensions substantially equal to the dimensions of the upper face of the shutter so as not to create parasitic flow by bypass.
    According to one embodiment, the upper face of the shutter has a profile promoting local deformation, for example a sawtooth profile perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the corrugation.
    According to one embodiment, the corrugation has a first lateral surface inclined with respect to a thickness direction of the tank wall, the shutter having a second surface inclined with respect to said thickness direction of the tank. sliding the shutter across the width of the housing when the corrugation is inserted in the groove.
    Thanks to these characteristics, the positioning of the corrugation in the shutter clearance is carried out automatically when the corrugation is inserted into the groove. Indeed, the cooperation between the inclined surface of the corrugation and the inclined surface of the clearance makes it possible to quickly and simply impose a movement of the shutter in the housing in order to position the clearance correctly to receive the corrugation. In addition, these characteristics allow the shutter to move without generating significant stress on the corrugation likely to cause deformation of said corrugation.
    According to one embodiment, the width of the shutter is greater than or equal to the width of the corrugation plus twice the difference in width between the groove and the corrugation.
    Thus, the shutter has a width capable of closing the groove portion between the corrugation and the thermal insulation barrier for any position of the corrugation in the groove. In particular, the width of the shutter makes it possible to close said portion of the groove even when the corrugation is in an extreme lateral position in the groove due to the manufacturing and / or mounting play.
    According to one embodiment, the shutter is housed in the housing with a degree of freedom in movement in the direction of width.
    According to one embodiment, the shutter is housed in the housing blocked in movement in the thickness direction of the tank wall between the sealing membrane and the thermal insulation barrier.
    According to one embodiment, the shutter has a fixing member in the housing adapted to block said shutter in displacement in the thickness direction of the tank wall and to allow its displacement in the width direction in the housing. According to an embodiment not shown, the fixing member consists of at least two hooks fixed in at least one insulating bSoc. According to one embodiment, the shutter comprises a lodge housed, for example in force, between one of the insulating elements forming the gap and the insulating padding so as to retain the shutter in the thickness direction of the tank.
    According to one embodiment, the clearance forms a cam surface along which the corrugation slides when positioning the corrugation in the groove.
    According to one embodiment, the longitudinal direction of the ripple has a vertical component relative to the terrestrial reference frame, that is to say a component according to the direction of terrestrial gravity.
    According to one embodiment, the tank comprises a row of housings, said housings of the row of housings intersecting a respective groove in the series of grooves, said housings having a width greater than the width of said respective grooves, the tank further comprising a row of shutters arranged in a respective housing, said shutters having a width greater than the width of the groove cut by said respective housing and less than a width of said housing, the shutters having a clearance configured to accommodate the corresponding corrugation, the shutters being arranged in said recesses so that the recess is housed in the corresponding groove and that the corrugation is housed in said recess and so that the shutter seals a portion of said groove situated on the projecting side of the diaphragm sealing by creating a pressure drop for a flow ment circulating in said groove.
    According to one embodiment, the series of parallel undulations of the sealing membrane is a first series of parallel undulations of the sealing membrane and in which the longitudinal direction of said undulations said first series of undulations is a first direction, the waterproofing membrane further comprising a second series of corrugations perpendicular to the first series, a longitudinal direction of the corrugations of the second series of corrugations forming a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the shutters of the row of shutters being arranged between two adjacent undulations of the second series of undulations.
    According to one embodiment, the tank comprises a plurality of rows of shutters housed in respective housings, said rows of shutters being arranged at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of the corrugations. Thanks to these characteristics, their effect accumulates and creates pressure losses in series in the grooves housing the corresponding corrugations.
    Thanks to these characteristics, a pressure drop is created in the tank wall for the whole of said tank wall. In particular, whatever the flow path of a flow in the tank wall, it will meet one of the shutter elements of the row of shutter elements.
    According to one embodiment, the tank comprises a plurality of rows of shutters housed in respective housings. According to one embodiment, the rows of shutters are arranged at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of the corrugations in such a way that their effect accumulates and creates pressure losses in series in the grooves housing the corresponding corrugations. According to one embodiment, the shutters of two rows of shutters are spaced in the longitudinal direction of the corrugations by a distance of 3m. According to one embodiment, the shutters of two rows of shutters are spaced in the longitudinal direction of the corrugations by a distance of 1m.
    According to one embodiment, at least one shutter is arranged in the tank wall in order to close a portion of groove housing a corrugation of the second series of corrugations.
    According to one embodiment, the sealing membrane is carried by the thermal insulation barrier, the corrugations projecting towards the load-bearing wall.
    According to one embodiment, the waterproofing membrane is a secondary waterproofing membrane, the thermal insulation barrier is a primary thermal insulation barrier, the corrugations projecting towards the interior of the tank, and in which the tank further comprises a secondary thermal insulation barrier retained on the load-bearing wall and carrying the secondary sealing membrane, the primary thermal insulation barrier being carried by the secondary sealing membrane, the tank further comprising a membrane primary sealing carried by the primary thermal insulation barrier and intended to be in contact with the fluid in the tank, the grooves being formed on a lower surface of the primary thermal insulation barrier.
    According to one embodiment, the waterproofing membrane is a primary waterproofing membrane, the thermal insulation barrier is a primary thermal insulation barrier, the corrugations projecting towards the outside of the tank, and in which the tank further comprises a secondary thermal insulation barrier retained on the carrier wall and carrying a secondary sealing membrane, the primary thermal insulation barrier being carried by the secondary sealing membrane, the primary sealing membrane being carried by the primary thermal insulation barrier and intended to be in contact with the fluid in the tank, the grooves being formed on an upper surface of the primary thermal insulation barrier.
    Such a tank can be part of a terrestrial storage installation, for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating structure, coastal or deep water, in particular an LNG tanker, a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) , a floating remote production and storage unit (FPSO) and others.
    According to one embodiment, a vessel for transporting a cold liquid product comprises a double hull and the above-mentioned tank placed in the double hull.
    According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a method of loading or unloading such a ship, in which a cold liquid product is conveyed through isolated pipes from or to a floating or land storage installation to or from the vessel of the ship.
    According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a transfer system for a cold liquid product, the system comprising the aforementioned ship, isolated pipes arranged so as to connect the tank installed in the hull of the ship to a floating storage installation. or terrestrial and a pump to drive a flow of cold liquid product through the isolated pipes from or to the floating or terrestrial storage facility to or from the vessel of the ship.
    Brief description of the figures
    The invention will be better understood, and other objects, details, characteristics and advantages thereof will appear more clearly during the following description of several particular embodiments of the invention, given solely by way of illustration and without limitation. , with reference to the accompanying drawings.
    • Figure 1 is a partial perspective view of a thermal insulation barrier of a sealed and thermally insulating tank wall;
    • Figure 2 is a top view of an insulating element of the thermal insulation barrier of Figure 1;
    • Figure 3 is a partial sectional view of a thermal insulation barrier on which rests a corrugated waterproofing membrane having a corrugation housed in a groove of the thermal insulation barrier and illustrating different possible positions of the corrugation in the groove;
    • Figure 4 is a partial perspective view of a thermal insulation barrier on which rests a sealing membrane and comprising a shutter according to a first embodiment of the invention;
    • Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of a shutter that can be used in the thermal insulation barrier of Figure 4;
    • Figure 6 is a schematic plan view from above of a tank wall thermal insulation barrier illustrating a network of grooves intended to receive corrugation of sealing membrane and rows of shutters arranged in said barrier thermal insulation ;
    • Figure 7 is a partial schematic perspective view of a thermal insulation barrier on which rests a sealing membrane and comprising a shutter according to a second embodiment;
    • Figure 8 is a schematic perspective view of a thermal insulation barrier on which rests a sealing membrane and having a shutter according to a third embodiment;
    • Figure 9 is a schematic perspective view of a thermal insulation barrier on which rests a sealing membrane and comprising a shutter according to a fourth embodiment prior to its mounting in the thermal insulation barrier;
    • Figure 10 is a view similar to Figure 9 showing the thermal insulation barrier after mounting the shutter in the thermal insulation barrier;
    • Figure 11 is a partial sectional view of a tank wall comprising shutters according to a fifth embodiment;
    • Figure 12 is a sectional view of a detail of the tank wall of Figure 11 at a shutter of the tank wall;
    • Figure 13 is a cutaway schematic representation of an LNG tank vessel comprising a sealed and thermally insulating tank and of a loading / unloading terminal of this tank.
    • Figure 14 is a top view of an insulating thermal insulation barrier panel of a bottom wall of a sealed and thermally insulating tank schematically illustrating two rows of shutters arranged in said insulating panel.
    Detailed description of embodiments
    By convention, the terms "external" and "internal" are used to define the relative position of one element with respect to another, by reference to the interior and exterior of the tank.
    A sealed and thermally insulating tank for the storage and transport of a cryogenic fluid, for example Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) comprises a plurality of tank walls each having a multilayer structure.
    Such a tank wall comprises, from the outside to the inside of the tank, a secondary thermal insulation barrier anchored to a support structure by secondary retaining members, a secondary sealing membrane carried by the barrier. secondary thermal insulation, a primary thermal insulation barrier anchored to the secondary thermal insulation barrier and a primary sealing membrane, carried by the primary thermal insulation barrier and intended to be in contact with the cryogenic fluid contained in the tank.
    The supporting structure may in particular be a self-supporting metal sheet or, more generally, any type of rigid partition having suitable mechanical properties. The supporting structure can in particular be formed by the hull or double hull of a ship. The supporting structure has a plurality of walls defining the general shape of the tank, usually a polyhedral shape. Some tanks may also have only one thermal insulation barrier and one waterproofing membrane, for example for the storage of LPG.
    In Figure 1, there is shown a portion of thermal insulation barrier, for example a secondary thermal insulation barrier, of such a sealed and thermally insulating tank wall for storing a fluid.
    This thermal insulation barrier comprises a plurality of insulating panels 1 juxtaposed and anchored to the support structure. The insulating panels 1 have substantially the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. FIG. 2 illustrates such an insulating panel 1 in top view.
    An insulating panel 1 can be made of various materials or various combinations of materials, in particular plywood, polymer foam, polymer foam loaded with fibers. In embodiments, the insulating panel comprises one or more metal plates fixed on its internal face so as to be able to weld corrugated metal sheets of waterproofing membrane.
    As illustrated in FIG. 1, the insulating panels 1 each comprise an insulating lining layer 2, for example an insulating polymer foam 2, sandwiched between an internal rigid plate 3 and an external rigid plate 4. The rigid plates, internal 3 and external 4, are, for example, plywood sheets glued to said layer of insulating polymer foam 2. The insulating polymer foam 2 can in particular be a polyurethane-based foam. The polymer foam 2 is advantageously reinforced by glass fibers helping to reduce its thermal contraction.
    The insulating panels 1 are juxtaposed in parallel rows and separated from each other by interstices 5 guaranteeing a functional mounting clearance. The interstices 5 are filled with a heat-insulating lining 6, shown in FIGS. 7 to 10. The heat-insulating lining 6 is advantageously made of a porous material so as to avoid the formation of free spaces in the thermal insulation barrier without completely preventing a circulation of gas in the interstices 5 between the insulating panels 1, for example a circulation of inert gas, such as nitrogen. The heat-insulating lining 6 is for example made of glass wool, rock wool or flexible synthetic foam with open cells. The interstices 5 have, for example, a width of the order of 10 to 60 mm, in particular 30 mm.
    As illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, the inner plate 3 has two series of grooves 7, 8, perpendicular to each other, so as to form a network of grooves. Each of the series of grooves 7, 8 is parallel to two opposite sides of the insulating panels 1. The grooves 7, 8 are intended for the reception of corrugations 9, shown for example in Figures 3 and 4, projecting outwards of the tank, formed on metal sheets 10 of the sealing membrane. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the internal plate 3 has three grooves 7 extending in the longitudinal direction of the insulating panel 1 and nine grooves 8 extending in the transverse direction of the insulating panel 1.
    Furthermore, the internal plate 3 is equipped with metal plates 11, 12 for anchoring the edge of the corrugated metal sheets 10 of the sealing membrane to the insulating panels 1. The metal plates 11, 12 extend in two directions perpendiculars which are each parallel to two opposite sides of the insulating panels 1. The metal plates 11, 12 are fixed to the internal plate 3, by screws, rivets or staples, for example. The metal plates 11, 12 are placed in recesses formed in the internal plate 3 so that the internal surface of the metal plates 11, 12 is flush with the internal surface of the internal plate 3. The internal plate 3 has an internal surface which is substantially planar, apart from any singular zones such as the grooves 7, 8 or the counterbores making it possible to house the metal plates 11, 12. The metal plates 11 and 12 as shown are an illustrative example. These metal plates can be arranged in numbers, relative dimensions and positions different from those shown.
    The internal plate 3 can also be equipped with threaded studs 13 projecting towards the inside of the tank, and intended to ensure the fixing of a primary thermal insulation barrier on the insulating panels 1. The metal studs 13 pass through orifices in the metal plates 11, 12.
    The waterproofing membrane comprises a plurality of corrugated metal sheets 10 each having a substantially rectangular shape. Each corrugated metal sheet 10 has a first series of parallel corrugations 9 extending in a first direction and a second series of parallel corrugations 9 extending in a second direction. The directions of the two series of corrugations 9 of each corrugated metal sheet 10 are perpendicular. These corrugations 9 project towards the outside of the tank, that is to say in the direction of the support structure. The corrugated metal sheet 10 comprises between the corrugations 9 a plurality of planar surfaces. The corrugations 9 of the corrugated metal sheets 10 are housed in the grooves 7, 8 formed in the internal plate 3 of the insulating panels 1. Alternatively and not shown, corrugations 9 can also be housed in the interstices between insulating blocks.
    The corrugated metal sheets 10 are, for example, made of Invar®: that is to say an alloy of iron and nickel whose coefficient of expansion is typically between 1.10 ' 6 and 2.10' 6 K ' 1 , or in an iron alloy with a high manganese content, the coefficient of expansion of which is typically of the order of 7.10 ' 6 K' 1 . Alternatively, the corrugated metal sheets 10 can also be made of stainless steel or aluminum.
    During the manufacture of the tank, the grooves 7, 8 are dimensioned to constitute a zone for adjusting the arrangement of the corrugations 9 in the tank. In particular, these grooves 7, 8 must be dimensioned to allow variations in dimensions of the corrugations 9 linked to the manufacturing tolerances of said corrugations 9 in corrugated metal sheets 10. In addition, These sizing must take into account the positioning tolerances of the panels insulators 1 as well as corrugated metal sheets 10 relative to each other.
    FIG. 3 illustrates a central position 35 and extreme positions 34 defining a range of possible positions of a corrugation 9 housed in a groove 7 or 8. Preferably, the groove 7 or 8 is dimensioned so as to have a width 14 , taken in a direction perpendicular to a longitudinal direction 15 of the corrugation 9 and parallel to an internal face 16 of the internal plate 3, greater than or equal to a width 17 of the corrugation 9 in said direction, increased by a dimension of predetermined tolerance corresponding to twice the tolerance of positioning the corrugation 9 in the groove 7 on either side of the central position 35.
    Due to these dimensions, a space remains in the grooves 7, 8 between the thermal insulation barrier and the waterproofing membrane. These grooves 7, 8 could therefore constitute a network of circulation channels. Such channels developing continuously between the waterproofing membrane and the thermal insulation barrier throughout the tank wall would promote convection movements, in particular on the walls of tanks having a significant vertical component such as the walls of transverse tanks. Such a network of continuous channels could generate thermosyphon phenomena promoting heat transfer by gas convection in the thermal insulation barrier.
    One aspect of the invention is based on the idea of preventing these convective movements in the walls of the tank. For this, one aspect of the invention starts from the idea of limiting the length of the channels formed by the grooves 7, 8 of the thermal insulation barrier.
    According to the first embodiment, shutters 18 are inserted in one, some, or all of the grooves 7, 8 of the thermal insulation barrier. These shutters 18 are arranged in the grooves 7, 8 so as to be arranged between the sealing membrane and the thermal insulation barrier.
    FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a portion of an insulating panel at the level of a groove 7 in which is housed a corrugation 9 of the sealing membrane and comprising a shutter 18 according to the first embodiment.
    The insulating panel 1 comprises a housing 19 in which is housed the shutter 18 with freedom of movement. This housing 19 develops perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 15 of the corrugation 9. A width 20 of the housing 19 taken along the width direction of the groove 7 is greater than the width 14 of the groove 7. In the illustrated embodiment in FIG. 4, the groove 7 has inclined side walls substantially parallel to the corrugation 9. The width 20 of the housing 19 is greater than the maximum width 14 of the groove 7, that is to say at the level of the junction between the groove 7 and the internal face 16 of the internal plate 3. This housing 19 passes through the groove 7. In other words, the housing 19 comprises a central portion common with the groove 7 and two lateral portions each opening into the groove 7 of on either side of the ripple 9.
    This housing 19 can be produced in many ways in the insulating panel 1, for example by machining, milling or the like.
    The shutter 18 here has a generally planar shape. A central portion of the shutter 18 has a recess 21. This recess 21 has a shape complementary to the convex face of the corrugation 9. More particularly, the recess 21 is of concave shape and has a concavity whose radius of curvature is preferably identical to the radius of curvature of the corrugation 9. Thus, an internal face of the shutter follows the shape of the sealing membrane in the groove 7.
    The shutter 18 has a thickness in the longitudinal direction 15 of the corrugation 9 substantially equal to that of the housing 19 but without tightening so that the shutter 18 can easily be moved in the housing 19. The shutter 18 has for example a thickness between 5mm and 30mm, preferably between 10mm to 12mm. In addition, the shutter 18 has a depth taken in a thickness direction of the tank wall corresponding substantially to the depth in this direction of the housing 19. In other words, with the exception of the clearance 21, the shutter develops over the entire depth of the groove 7 taken along the thickness direction of the tank wall.
    The adjustment between the housing 19 and the shutter 18 in the longitudinal direction 15 of the corrugation 9 is sufficient to allow movement of the shutter 18 in the housing 19 in the width direction of the housing 19 without allowing a penalizing peripheral flow. Preferably, this adjustment is able to limit or even block the movement of the shutter 18 under its own weight. The play is for example of the order of plus or minus 0.1mm.
    The shutter 18 can be made of a material or an assembly of different materials.
    In one embodiment, the shutter 18 is made of a single material. Such a material is chosen so as to allow displacement by sliding of the shutter 18 in the housing 19. Such a material is for example a plastic material such as a plastic foam, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), Polymethacrylate methyl (PMMA), Polyethylene (PE), Polypropylene (PP) or even Polystyrene (PS), expanded or not.
    In one embodiment, the shutter 18 is produced by an assembly of material, for example based on a plastic material covered with a layer of porous material on its face cooperating with the sealing membrane. Such a porous material is for example glass wool, melamine foam or felt. Such a layer of porous material allows the shutter 18 to let an inert gas circulate while generating a pressure drop in the flows.
    The shutter 18 can be coated on its different faces opposite the walls of the housing 19 with a material having a low coefficient of friction with respect to the material forming the housing 19. Thus, this coating can be produced from a material plastic such as plastic foam,
    Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), Polyethylene (PE), Polypropylene (PP) or even expanded or not expanded Polystyrene (PS).
    The shutter 18 can also be made of a material whose mechanical strength and geometry allow the local deformation of its contact surface with the housing 19 and / or the sealing membrane when it is positioned. Such a locally deformable shutter 18 makes it possible to accommodate the manufacturing tolerances of the housing 19 and / or of the sealing membrane. For example, the shutter 18 can be made of expanded polystyrene with a density of 10 to 30 kg / m 3 .
    A width 22 of the shutter 18, taken in the direction of width of the housing 19, is between the width 20 of the housing 19 and the width 14 of the groove 7. Preferably, the width 22 of the shutter 18 is greater or equal to the width 14 of the groove 7 increased by twice the positioning tolerance of the corrugation 9 in the groove 7 on either side of the central position 35 of the corrugation 9 in the groove 7. Furthermore , the width 20 of the housing 19 is greater than or equal to the width 22 of the shutter 18 increased by twice said tolerance for positioning the corrugation 9 in the groove 7.
    Thus, the shutter 18 can be housed in the housing 19 at different positions along the width direction 20 of the housing 19. In addition, whatever the position of the shutter 18 in the housing 19, the shutter 18 develops over the entire width 14 of the groove 7.
    These different possible positions of the shutter 18 make it possible to position the clearance 21 in the groove 7 for any position of the corrugation 9 in said groove 7.
    In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4, the clearance 21 is centered along the width direction of the shutter 18 and the housing 19 is centered over the groove 7 along the width direction of the groove 7. In other words, the housing 19 is symmetrical with respect to the groove 7 and the shutter is symmetrical with respect to the clearance 21. However, the position of the clearance 21 in the width direction 22 of the shutter 18 and / or the position of the housing 19 according to the width direction 14 of the groove 7 may be different than those shown in FIG. 4 while allowing positioning of said clearance adapted to all possible positions of the corrugation 9 in the groove 7. Thus, in an example not illustrated, the clearance can be arranged asymmetrically with respect to the shutter 18, the housing then having asymmetrical lateral portions with respect to the groove 7 so that the clearance ement 21 can take all possible positions in the groove 7 in the width direction of the groove 7.
    Preferably, the shutter 18 is housed in the housing 19 in prefabrication, that is to say before the installation of the insulating panel 1 carrying the housing 19 in the supporting structure.
    When installing the waterproofing membrane in the tank, the corrugated metal sheet 10 is positioned so as to accommodate the corrugation 9 in the groove 7. The complementarity of form between the clearance 21 and the corrugation 9 allows the clearance to fulfill the cam surface function when inserting the corrugation 9 into the groove 7. The corrugation 9 thus has at least one inclined external face, two in the illustrated embodiment, relative to the face internal 16 of the internal plate 3 of the insulating panel 1. Similarly, the recess 21 has at least one inclined internal face, two in the illustrated embodiment, with respect to said internal face 16. Thus, when the corrugation 9 is inserted into the groove 7, the external face of the corrugation 9 is supported on the internal face of the recess 21. The cooperation of the external face of the corrugation 9 and the internal face of the recess 21 during the insertion of the corrugation 9 in the groove 7 can thus impose a displacement of the shutter 18 in the housing 19 along the width direction of the housing 19. Thus, the insertion of the corrugation 9 in the groove 7 allows automatic positioning of the shutter 18 so that said corrugation 9 is housed in the recess 21 of the shutter 18.
    In addition, the complementarity of form between the clearance 21 and the corrugation 9 allows the shutter 18 to match the shape of the waterproof membrane in the groove 7. Thus, the shutter 18 develops throughout the portion of the groove 7 between the sealing membrane and a bottom of the groove 7 at the level of the housing 19. In other words, the shutter 18 closes said portion of the groove 7 at the level of the housing 19. It is not it is necessary that this closure be completely sealed. However, this closure must create a sufficient pressure drop to prevent the flows that can be generated in the groove 7 by convection in the form of thermosyphon.
    FIG. 5 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the shutter 18 according to the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4. In this variant, the profile of the shutter 18 intended to be in contact with the sealing membrane has a plurality of ribs 23. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, these ribs 23 develop on the internal face of the shutter 18 in the width direction 22 of the shutter 18. These ribs 23 promote local deformation of the shutter 18, allowing better cooperation between the internal face of the shutter 18 and the sealing membrane.
    According to another variant, not shown, a strip 1 to 2 mm thick in compressible material is added to the internal face of the shutter 18. In a similar manner to the ribs 23, this strip allows the shutter 18 to conform to the better the profile of the corrugation 9 and of the sealing membrane with which it cooperates. Preferably, the strip has dimensions substantially equal to those of the internal face of the shutter 18 so as not to create parasitic flow by bypass.
    FIG. 6 schematically represents a portion of thermal insulation barrier, for example a secondary thermal insulation barrier, of a tank wall and illustrates an example of arrangement of a plurality of shutters 18 in said barrier. thermal insulation.
    Shutters 18 are placed at regular intervals on a plurality of insulating panels 1, the grooves 7, 8 of which could form flow channels in the tank wall. More particularly, a shutter 18 is here positioned in all the grooves 7 crossing two adjacent grooves 32 given by the series of grooves 8, said shutters 18 being positioned in said grooves 7 interposed between said adjacent grooves 32. In other words, a shutter 18 is positioned in the thermal insulation barrier in all the grooves 7 connecting two adjacent grooves 32 given.
    Such a row of shutters 18 thus does not allow a flow a possibility of bypassing a shutter 18 by temporarily passing through one of the perpendicular grooves 8.
    Thus, in the embodiment illustrated in Figure 6, a row of shutters 18 is arranged aligned in a plane in the set of parallel grooves 7 intersecting said plane.
    Preferably, such shutters 18 are used in all the grooves 7 or 8 having a vertical component according to the terrestrial frame of reference, for example the side walls, the cofferdams or the chamfered walls of the tank. Similarly, such shutters 18 are advantageously positioned in the thermal insulation barrier of a bottom wall of the tank, and this in all the grooves 7 and 8.
    Preferably, these shutters 18 are placed at a regular interval 33 along the grooves 7, 8 in such a way that their effect accumulates and creates pressure losses in series in the preferential direction of flow. For example, in the case of corrugations 9 having a vertical component, these shutters 18 can be arranged along said corrugations 9 every 3m or even every 1m. In the case of corrugations 9 of the horizontal bottom wall, shutters 18 are for example arranged every 1m.
    Preferably, in the context of insulating panels 1 having a vertical component relative to the terrestrial frame of reference, shutters 18 are arranged close to the lower edge at the level of the grooves 7, 8 having a vertical component. Thus, the distance separating the shutter 18 from the heat-insulating lining 6 housed between two insulating panels 1 is not sufficient for a downward flow of the tank to form between the shutter 18 and said heat-insulating lining 6, limiting thus the pressure that can be exerted on said heat-insulating lining 6.
    FIG. 14 illustrates an example of arrangement of shutters 18 within the framework of an insulating panel 1 integrated in a wall of the bottom of the sealed and thermally insulating tank. In this example, shutters 18 are arranged in all the grooves 7, 8 formed by said insulating panel 1. These shutters 18 are aligned along two adjacent edges of the insulating panel 1, forming two rows of shutters 18 perpendicular having substantially the form of an “L” in the insulating panel 1. Thus, when insulating panels 1 as illustrated in FIG. 14 are juxtaposed in the bottom of the tank, the rows of shutters of said insulating panels 1 juxtaposed are aligned to form a mesh of shutters in all the channels formed by the grooves 7, 8 of the various insulating panels 1.
    The maximum spacing between two rows of plugs 18 is chosen such that the pressure drop thus created at a determined speed and considered to be tolerable is greater than the hydrostatic load of the flow to be constrained. A te! pressure drop coefficient can be easily determined by tests, by establishing a flow in a shutter model, by varying the flow rates and by measuring the pressure differential between downstream and upstream or numerically. The load can be calculated by considering the integral of the variation of the density p of the given fluid on the direction fixed by gravity in the circulation loop considered and multiplying it by the universal constant of gravitation. In the first approaches, we thus have two vertical channels of height H (at the respective temperatures Tf and Te) communicating at their ends a pressure differential dP which satisfies the equation:
    dP = (p (Tf) - p (Tc)) * g * H.
    FIG. 7 represents a second embodiment. Elements identical or fulfilling the same function as elements described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 have the same reference.
    This second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the housings 19 are not formed in the insulating panels 1 but in the gaps 5 between two adjacent insulating panels 1. Such an embodiment has the advantage of not requiring machining of the insulating panel 1 in order to form the housing 19. The bottom of the housing 19 on which the shutter 18 rests is for example formed by its heat-insulating lining 6 housed in the interstices 5.
    In this embodiment, the corrugated metal sheet 10 is positioned on the insulating panel 1 prior to the installation of the shutter 18 in order to determine the position of the corrugation 9 in the corresponding groove 7, 8. When the position of the corrugation 9 in the groove 7, 8 is determined, the shutter 18 is fixed in the appropriate position on the corresponding side of the insulating panel 1. The shutter 18 is for example fixed by stapling, screwing or gluing on the side of the insulating panel 1. In this embodiment, the shutter 18 has a thickness in the longitudinal direction 15 of the corrugation 9 less than the gap 5.
    FIG. 8 illustrates a third embodiment. Elements identical or fulfilling the same function as elements described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 have the same reference.
    Similarly to the second embodiment, this third embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the housing 19 is formed in the gap 5 between two insulating panels 1. However, in this embodiment, the heat-insulating lining 6 has a recess 24 forming the bottom of the housing 19. This recess 24 has width characteristics similar to the characteristics described above for the width 20 of the housing 19 according to the first embodiment. Thus, in this third embodiment, the shutter 18 is positioned on the heat-insulating lining 6 in the recess 24 without being fixed on the side of the insulating panel 1. This shutter 18 can be positioned before positioning the corrugated sheets 10 on the thermal insulation barrier.
    Similarly to the first embodiment, when the corrugation 9 is inserted in the groove 7, 8, the cooperation between the internal face of the recess 21 and the external face of the corrugation 9 allows the shutter 18 to slide in the recess 24 in the width direction 22 of the shutter 18.
    Advantageously, the shutter 18 has a thickness in the longitudinal direction 15 of the corrugation 9 substantially equal to that of the gap 5, typically of the order of 30mm or even 40mm.
    In an embodiment not illustrated, the heat-insulating lining 6 does not have a recess 24, the shutter 18 resting on an internal face of said heat-insulating lining 6. In this embodiment, when the shutter 18 is positioned in the interstice 5 at the level of groove 7, it projects beyond the internal faces of the insulating panels 1 forming said interstice 5, for example of the order of 1 to 3 mm. When the corrugated metal sheet 10 is positioned so as to insert the corrugation 9 in the groove 7, the support of the corrugation 9 on the shutter 18 automatically positions the shutter 18 relative to the groove 7 as explained below. above. In addition, the support of the corrugation 9 on the shutter 18 compresses the heat-insulating lining 6 placed under the shutter 18 so that the shutter 18 is flush with the internal face of the insulating panels 1 forming the gap 5.
    Figures 9 and 10 illustrate a fourth embodiment of the invention. Elements identical or fulfilling the same function as elements described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 have the same reference.
    This fourth embodiment differs from the third embodiment in that the shutter further comprises a blade 25 projecting from the external face of the shutter 18. This blade 25 is arranged to extend a lateral face of the shutter 18 towards the load-bearing wall.
    When positioning the shutter 18, the blade 25 is inserted between the heat-insulating lining 6 and one of the insulating panels 1 forming the gap 5 in which said heat-insulating lining 6 is housed. The insertion of the blade 25 between the thermal insulation 6 and the insulating panel 1 presses the shutter 18 against the side of the insulating panel 1 while ensuring that said shutter 18 is held in position. The blade 25 advantageously has a draft of a few degrees in order to facilitate its insertion on the one hand and to contribute to the optimal placement of the profile of the shutter 18 on the surface of the waterproofing membrane on the other hand. Such a clearance ensures that the position of the shutter 18 is maintained during the life of the tank.
    In an embodiment not illustrated, the fixing member consists of at least two hooks fixed on at least one insulating block in order to block the movement along the thickness of the insulating block or blocks while allowing lateral movement of the shutter 18.
    Figures 11 and 12 show a fifth embodiment of the invention suitable for a tank comprising a secondary thermal insulation barrier and a primary thermal insulation barrier. Elements identical or fulfilling the same function as elements described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 have the same reference.
    As illustrated in FIG. 11, the tank wall according to this fifth embodiment comprises a secondary waterproof membrane whose corrugations 9 project towards the interior of the tank and rests on a secondary thermal insulation barrier. The primary thermal insulation barrier comprises a plurality of primary insulating panels 26 of substantially rectangular rectangular shape. The primary insulating panels 26 have any structure, for example a sandwich structure consisting of an insulating lining layer such as a layer of insulating polymer foam 27 sandwiched between two rigid plates, internal 28 and external 29, for example in plywood. The primary sealing membrane is obtained by assembling a plurality of corrugated metal sheets 30.
    Thus, the grooves 7, 8 making it possible to accommodate the corrugations 9 are produced in the primary insulating panels 26. These grooves 7, 8 are produced in the external rigid plate 29 of said primary insulating panels 26, and possibly also in the insulating lining of said panels. primary insulation 26.
    Thus, this fifth embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the housing 19 is produced in the primary insulating panel 26 in order to house the shutter 18. Such housings 19 and shutters 18 also have dimensioning characteristics and positioning in the tank similar to those of the housings 19 and shutter 18 described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 in the first embodiment. FIG. 12 illustrates a detailed sectional view of the tank wall illustrated in FIG. 11 at the level of a shutter 18 in a housing 19 and cutting a groove 7 housing a corrugation 9, said groove 7 being cut by the housing 19 being illustrated in dotted lines in this figure 12.
    Other details and other embodiments, in particular on the secondary and primary thermal insulation barriers, the anchoring members of the thermally insulating barriers and the sealing membranes, can be found in the document WO2016 / 046487, WO2013004943 or WO2014057221.
    The technique described above for making a sealed and thermally insulating tank can be used in different types of tanks, for example to build an LNG or LPG tank in a land installation or in a floating structure such as an LNG or other vessel comprising several waterproofing membranes or a single waterproofing membrane.
    With reference to FIG. 13, a cutaway view of an LNG tanker 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship. The wall of the tank 71 comprises a primary waterproof barrier intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary waterproof barrier arranged between the primary waterproof barrier and the double hull of the ship, and two insulating barriers arranged respectively between the barrier primary watertight and the secondary watertight barrier and between the secondary watertight barrier and the double shell 72.
    In a manner known per se, loading / unloading lines 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of appropriate connectors, to a maritime or port terminal for transferring a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.
    FIG. 13 represents an example of a maritime terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and a shore installation 77. The loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed offshore installation comprising an arm mobile 74 and a tower 78 which supports the mobile arm 74. The mobile arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 which can be connected to the loading / unloading pipes 73. The mobile arm 74 can be adjusted to suit all LNG tankers' sizes . A connection pipe, not shown, extends inside the tower 78. The loading and unloading station 75 allows the loading and unloading of the LNG carrier 70 from or to the onshore installation 77. This comprises liquefied gas storage tanks 80 and connecting pipes 81 connected by the subsea pipe 76 to the loading or unloading station 75. The subsea pipe 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the shore installation 77 over a long distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the LNG carrier 70 at a great distance from the coast during the loading and unloading operations.
    To generate the pressure necessary for the transfer of the liquefied gas, pumps on board the ship 70 and / or pumps fitted to the shore installation 77 and / or pumps fitted to the loading and unloading station 75 are used.
    Although the invention has been described in connection with several particular embodiments, it is obvious that it is in no way limited thereto and that it includes all the technical equivalents of the means described as well as their combinations if these are within the scope of the invention.
    In particular, the housings and shutters are described in the various embodiments above in the context of a secondary sealing membrane whose corrugations are housed in grooves formed on an internal face of the secondary insulating panels or on a face external of the primary insulating panels depending on whether the corrugations are projecting respectively towards the outside of the tank or the inside of the tank. However, such grooves, housings and shutters can also be produced and installed at the level of an internal face of the primary insulating panels within the framework of a primary sealing membrane having corrugations projecting towards the outside of the tank. Similarly, such grooves, housings and shutters can also be produced and installed at the level of an internal face of insulating panels within the framework of a tank comprising only a single thermal insulation barrier and a single membrane of sealing with corrugations projecting towards the outside of the tank.
    Similarly, the above description is mainly carried out in the context of grooves 7 housing corrugations 9 parallel in a first direction. However, this description applies by analogy to shutters 18 and housings 19 making it possible to close grooves 8 housing corrugations 9 in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. Thus, such shutters 18 can be arranged in order to close grooves 7 and / or grooves 8.
    The use of the verb "behave", "understand" or "include" and its conjugate forms do not exclude the presence of other elements or steps than those set out in a claim. The use of the indefinite article "a" or "an" for an element or a stage does not exclude, unless otherwise stated, the presence of a plurality of such elements or stages.
    In the claims, any reference sign in parentheses cannot be interpreted as a limitation of the claim.
    权利要求:
    Claims (21)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Sealed and thermally insulating fluid storage tank, in which a tank wall comprises at least one thermal insulation barrier and a sealing membrane, the sealing membrane comprising a series of parallel undulations (9) having a longitudinal direction (15), and flat portions located between said corrugations (9), said corrugations (9) projecting from the flat portions on a projecting side of the waterproofing membrane, a said thermal insulation barrier being located projecting side of the waterproofing membrane, said thermal insulation barrier comprising a series of parallel grooves (7, 8) in which the corrugations (9) are housed, and in which a said groove (7, 8) has a width (14), taken in a width direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (15) of the corrugations (9), greater than the width (17), taken in said direction of the feeder, corrugation (9) housed in said groove (7, 8), the thermal insulation barrier further comprising a housing (19) cutting said groove (7, 8) and having a width (20) greater than the width of the groove (7, 8), the tank further comprising a shutter (18) arranged in the housing (19), the shutter having a width (22) greater than the width (14) of the groove (7 , 8), the shutter (18) having a clearance (21) configured to accommodate the corrugation (9), the shutter (18) being arranged in the housing (19) so that the clearance (21) is housed in the groove (7, 8) and the corrugation (9) is housed in the recess (21) and so that the shutter (18) closes a portion of the groove (7, 8) located on the side protruding from the sealing membrane creating a pressure drop for a flow flowing in the groove (7, 8).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Sealed and thermally insulating tank according to claim 1, in which the thermal insulation barrier comprises a plurality of insulating elements (1, 26) juxtaposed retained against a load-bearing wall.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. A sealed and thermally insulating tank according to claim 2, in which the housing (19) is formed in an insulating element (1, 26).
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. A sealed and thermally insulating tank according to claim 2, in which the housing (19) is formed in a gap (5) between two adjacent insulating elements (1, 26).
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. A sealed and thermally insulating tank according to claim 4, in which an insulating padding (6) is arranged in the gap (5) between the two adjacent insulating elements (1, 26), said insulating padding (6) forming a bottom. housing (19).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Sealed and thermally insulating tank according to one of claims 1 to 5, in which the shutter (18) has a lower portion in contact with a bottom of the housing (19) made of a rigid material and a locally deformable portion. (23), the corrugation (9) being supported on the locally deformable portion (23).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. A sealed and thermally insulating tank according to claim 6, in which the lower portion of the shutter (18) in contact with the bottom of the housing is made of a material chosen from the group of materials made of Polypropylene, Polymethacrylate. methyl, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, synthetic foam plastic or combinations thereof.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. A sealed and thermally insulating tank according to claim 6 or 7, in which the locally deformable portion of the shutter (18) comprises a strip of compressible material on the upper face of the shutter (18).
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Sealed and thermally insulating tank according to one of claims 6 to 8, in which the locally deformable portion (23) consists of a material chosen from the group of materials consisting of fibrous materials, glass wool, foam. melamine, flexible polyurethane foam or combinations thereof.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Sealed and thermally insulating tank according to one of claims 1 to 9, in which the corrugation (9) has a first lateral surface inclined with respect to a thickness direction of the tank wall, the shutter (18 ) having a second surface inclined relative to said direction of thickness of the tank so as to slide the shutter (18) in the width (20) of the housing (19) when the corrugation (9) is inserted in the groove (7, 8).
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. Sealed and thermally insulating tank according to one of claims 1 to 10, in which the width (22) of the shutter (18) is greater than or equal to the width (17) of the corrugation (9) plus two times the difference in width between the groove (7, 8) and the corrugation (9).
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. Sealed and thermally insulating tank according to one of claims 1 to 11, in which the longitudinal direction (15) of the corrugation (9) has a vertical component with respect to the terrestrial frame of reference.
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    13. Sealed and thermally insulating tank according to one of claims 1 to 12, comprising a row of housings (19), said housings (19) of the row of housings (19) intersecting a respective groove (7, 8) of the series of grooves (7, 8), said housings (19) having a width (20) greater than the width (14) of said respective grooves (7, 8), the tank further comprising a row of shutters (18) arranged in a respective housing (19), said shutters (18) having a width (22) greater than the width (14) of the groove (7, 8) cut by said respective housing (19) and less than a width (20) of said housing (19), the shutters (18) having a clearance (21) configured to accommodate the corresponding corrugation (9), the shutters (18) being arranged in said housing (19) so that the clearance (21 ) is housed in the corresponding groove (7, 8) and the corrugation (9) is housed in said clearance (21) and so that the shutter (18) closes a portion of said groove (7, 8) located on the projecting side of the sealing membrane by creating a pressure drop for a flow flowing in said groove (7 , 8).
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    14. A sealed and thermally insulating tank according to claim 13, in which the series of parallel corrugations (9) of the waterproofing membrane is a first series of parallel corrugations of the waterproofing membrane and in which the longitudinal direction of the said membranes corrugations (9) said first series of corrugations is a first direction, the waterproofing membrane further comprising a second series of corrugations (9) perpendicular to the first series, a longitudinal direction of the corrugations of the second series of corrugations forming a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the shutters (18) of the row of shutters (18) being arranged between two adjacent undulations (32) of the second series of undulations (9).
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    15. Watertight and thermally insulating tank according to one of claims 13 to 14, the tank comprising a plurality of rows of shutters (18) housed in respective housings (19), said rows of shutters (18) being arranged at a regular interval (33) in the longitudinal direction (15) of the corrugations (9) so that their effect accumulates and creates pressure losses in series in the grooves (7, 8) housing the corresponding corrugations (9).
    [16" id="c-fr-0016]
    16. Sealed and thermally insulating tank according to one of claims 1 to 15, in which the sealing membrane is carried by the thermal insulation barrier, the corrugations (9) projecting towards the load-bearing wall.
    [17" id="c-fr-0017]
    17. Sealed and thermally insulating tank according to one of claims 1 to 15, in which the waterproofing membrane is a secondary waterproofing membrane, the thermal insulation barrier is a primary thermal insulation barrier, the corrugations ( 9) projecting towards the inside of the tank, and in which the tank further comprises a secondary thermal insulation barrier retained on the load-bearing wall and carrying the secondary sealing membrane, the primary thermal insulation barrier being worn by the secondary sealing membrane, the tank further comprising a primary sealing membrane carried by the primary thermal insulation barrier and intended to be in contact with the fluid in the tank, the grooves (7, 8) being formed on a lower surface of the primary thermal insulation barrier.
    [18" id="c-fr-0018]
    18. Watertight and thermally insulating tank according to one of claims 1 to 15, in which the waterproofing membrane is a primary waterproofing membrane, the thermal insulation barrier is a primary thermal insulation barrier, the corrugations ( 9) projecting towards the outside of the tank, and in which the tank further comprises a secondary thermal insulation barrier retained on the load-bearing wall and carrying a secondary sealing membrane, the primary thermal insulation barrier being worn by the secondary waterproofing membrane, the primary waterproofing membrane being carried by the primary thermal insulation barrier and intended to be in contact with the fluid in the tank, the grooves (7, 8) being formed on an upper surface of the primary thermal insulation barrier.
    [19" id="c-fr-0019]
    19. Ship (70) for the transport of a cold liquid product, the ship comprising a double hull (72) and a tank (71) according to one of claims 1
    5 to 18 arranged in the double shell.
    [20" id="c-fr-0020]
    20. A method of loading or unloading a ship (70) according to claim 19, in which a cold liquid product is conveyed through insulated pipes (73, 79, 76, 81) from or to a floating storage installation or terrestrial (77) to or from the vessel (71).
    10
    [0021]
    21. Transfer system for a cold liquid product, the system comprising a vessel (70) according to claim 19, insulated pipes (73, 79, 76, 81) arranged so as to connect the tank (71) installed in the hull from the ship to a floating or terrestrial storage installation (77) and a pump for driving a flow of cold liquid product through the pipes isolated from or
    15 to the floating or terrestrial storage facility to or from the vessel.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    KR20200092981A|2020-08-04|
    CN111406177B|2021-12-28|
    CN111406177A|2020-07-10|
    SG11202004472PA|2020-06-29|
    WO2019102163A1|2019-05-31|
    JP2021504643A|2021-02-15|
    RU2764234C2|2022-01-14|
    RU2020115462A|2021-12-29|
    RU2020115462A3|2021-12-29|
    EP3717823A1|2020-10-07|
    FR3074253B1|2019-11-01|
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    JP3249283B2|1994-02-18|2002-01-21|三菱重工業株式会社|Low temperature tank membrane structure|
    FR2911576B1|2007-01-23|2009-03-06|Alstom Sa|METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN INSULATING WALL AND SEALING A TANK|
    FR2936784B1|2008-10-08|2010-10-08|Gaztransp Et Technigaz|REINFORCED CORRUGATED MEMBRANE TANK|
    FR2963818B1|2010-08-11|2014-01-03|Gaztransp Et Technigaz|SEALED WALL STRUCTURE|
    FR2977562B1|2011-07-06|2016-12-23|Gaztransport Et Technigaz|SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATING TANK INTEGRATED IN A CARRIER STRUCTURE|
    EP2792589B1|2011-12-16|2020-04-22|Samsung Heavy Ind. Co., Ltd.|Auxiliary secondary barrier, liquefied natural gas storage tank including same and method for manufacturing the liquefied natural gas storage tank|
    FR2996520B1|2012-10-09|2014-10-24|Gaztransp Et Technigaz|SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATING TANK COMPRISING A METALIC MEMBRANE WOUNDED ACCORDING TO ORTHOGONAL PLATES|
    FR3002514B1|2013-02-22|2016-10-21|Gaztransport Et Technigaz|METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATING BARRIER FOR A STORAGE TANK|
    KR101751838B1|2015-08-21|2017-07-19|대우조선해양 주식회사|Insulation structure of liquefied natural gas cargo tank without anchor strip, cargo tank having the structure, and liquefied natural gas carrier|FR3099538A1|2019-07-31|2021-02-05|Gaztransport Et Technigaz|Sealed and thermally insulating tank for floating structure|
    FR3103023B1|2019-11-13|2021-10-08|Gaztransport Et Technigaz|Sealed and thermally insulating tank with anti-convective insulating gaskets|
    FR3109979A1|2020-05-05|2021-11-12|Gaztransport Et Technigaz|Sealed and thermally insulating tank including anti-convective filling elements|
    FR3112587A1|2020-07-17|2022-01-21|Gaztransport Et Technigaz|Watertight and thermally insulated tank|
    法律状态:
    2018-11-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2019-05-31| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20190531 |
    2019-11-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2020-11-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2021-11-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1771267|2017-11-27|
    FR1771267A|FR3074253B1|2017-11-27|2017-11-27|SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATED TANK|FR1771267A| FR3074253B1|2017-11-27|2017-11-27|SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATED TANK|
    EP18819543.2A| EP3717823A1|2017-11-27|2018-11-26|Thermally insulating and tight tank|
    SG11202004472PA| SG11202004472PA|2017-11-27|2018-11-26|Thermally insulating and tight tank|
    RU2020115462A| RU2764234C2|2017-11-27|2018-11-26|Sealed and heat-insulating tank|
    KR1020207017007A| KR20200092981A|2017-11-27|2018-11-26|Oiltight and insulated tanks|
    JP2020528856A| JP2021504643A|2017-11-27|2018-11-26|Liquid-tight insulation tank|
    CN201880076476.XA| CN111406177B|2017-11-27|2018-11-26|Thermally insulated and sealed tank|
    PCT/FR2018/052972| WO2019102163A1|2017-11-27|2018-11-26|Thermally insulating and tight tank|
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